THE OKLAHOMA BAR JOURNAL 38 | MARCH 2026 Statements or opinions expressed in the Oklahoma Bar Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Oklahoma Bar Association, its officers, Board of Governors, Board of Editors or staff. ENDNOTES 1. 2025 Okla. Sess. Laws ch. _ (H.B. 2298). 2. 2025 Okla. Sess. Laws ch. _ (H.B. 2584). 3. “Oklahoma Physician Shortage Facts,” Cicerio Institute, https://bit.ly/4boIWPC (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 4. B. Walia, et al., “Increased Reliance on Physician Assistants: An Access-Quality Tradeoff?” J Mark Access Health Policy. (Jan. 24, 2022). 5. Id. 6. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §§567.1-567.20 (Oklahoma Nursing Practice Act), as amended (2025). 7. Okla. Board of Nursing, Rules of the Oklahoma Board of Nursing; Okla. Admin. Code §§485: 10-15-1 et seq. (2025). 8. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §§519.1-519.26 (Physician Assistant Act), as amended (2025). 9. Oklahoma State Board of Osteopathic Examiners, Rules Governing Supervision of Physician Assistants and Advanced Practice Providers; Okla. Admin. Code §§510:10-13-1, et seq. 10. Oklahoma Medical Board, Guidelines for the Operation of Medical Spas (rev. Jan. 18, 2024). 11. Oklahoma State Board of Osteopathic Examiners, Policy for Osteopathic Medical Spas (rev. Sept. 18, 2025). 12. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §§567-567.20; Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §§519.1-519.15 (2024). 13. National Council of State Boards of Nursing, APRN Consensus Model for APRN Regulation: Licensure, Accreditation, Certification & Education (2008), https://bit.ly/3NIv4pH. 14. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §567.3a (2024). 15. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §567.3a (2024) (conditioning prescriptive authority on physician supervision). 16. Oklahoma State Medical Association, Scope of Practice Policy Statements, https://bit.ly/4qOinbg (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 17. “History of AAPA & the PA Profession, American Academy of Physician Assistants,” www.aapa.org/about/history (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 18. Id. 19. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §519.2 (2024). 20. Id. 21. Okla. Stat. tit 59, §§519.2, 519.6 (2023). 22. Executive Order No. 2020-07, State of Oklahoma (March 24, 2020), https://bit.ly/3OdUdIQ. 23. “State responses to COVID-19: Potential benefits of continuing full practice authority for primary care nurse practitioners,” 70 Nursing Outlook 28, 28-35 (2021), published online Aug. 7, 2021. 24. “Oklahoma governor vetoes bill that would allow nurses to prescribe without supervision,” Oklahoma Voice (April 2, 2024). 25. “Nurse Practitioners Gain Prescriptive Independence After Governor’s Veto Override in OK,” Nurse.org, https://bit.ly/4bM4JB9 (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 26. H.B. 2298, 59th Leg., 1st Sess. (Okla. 2025) (enrolled), https://bit.ly/3ZHgQYF. 27. Oklahoma Enacts Legislation Significantly Modernizing PA Practice, American Academy of Physician Assistants, https://bit.ly/4qRikvA (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 28. Id. 29. H.B. 2584, 59th Leg., 1st Sess. (Okla. 2025) (enrolled), https://bit.ly/49QzzXK. 30. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §519.6 (2025). 31. Oklahoma State Board of Medical Licensure & Supervision, Physician Assistant Practice Information, www.okmedicalboard.org/physician_assistants (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 32. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §519.6(D)-(E). 33. Okla. Bd. of Nursing, HB 2298 – Independent Prescriptive Authority for APRNs (FAQ) (June 9, 2025), https://bit.ly/4q8QDNp. 34. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §567.4c. 35. Id.; supra note 33. 36. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §519.6 (2025). 37. Okla. Stat. tit. 63, §1-707b. 38. See generally 42 C.F.R. §482.12. 39. J. Eichinger et al., “Trends in Medical Spa Statistics and Patient Safety,” 50 Dermatologic Surg. 216 (February 2024). 40. Id. 41. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §492. 42. J. Lubell, “Who’s on site for care at ‘medical spas’? Not usually a physician,” American Medical Association, (Oct. 6, 2025). 43. J. Wolfe, “In Oklahoma, laws haven’t kept up with trendy medical spa treatments,” The Frontier (Aug. 5, 2024). 44. Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §519.6 (2025). 45. Lubell, supra note 42. 46. D. Holt, “A State-by-State Guide for Medspa Regulations,” Holt Law, https://bit.ly/3NUJUta (last visited Dec. 15, 2025). 47. See, e.g., Oklahoma Board of Medical Licensure & Supervision, disciplinary authority under Okla. Stat. tit. 59, §503. 48. B. Roddy, “How does Oklahoma’s new law for nurse practitioners compare to other states?” News On 6 (June 2, 2025). 49. Id. We want to feature your work on “The Back Page” of the Oklahoma Bar Journal! All entries must relate to the practice of law and may include articles, reflections or other insights. Poetry, photography and artwork connected to the legal profession are also welcome. Email submissions of about 500 words or high-resolution images to OBA Communications Director Lori Rasmussen at lorir@okbar.org. Your Stories. Your Insights. Your Back Page.
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